สถิติ
เปิดเมื่อ28/01/2015
อัพเดท19/06/2024
ผู้เข้าชม2223645
แสดงหน้า2736728
ปฎิทิน
November 2024
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
     
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
สมาชิก

สมัครสมาชิก | ลืมรหัสผ่าน

ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์

อ่าน 745612 | ตอบ 8449
ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์ (อังกฤษ: tungsten carbide) มีสูตรเคมีคือ WC ในรูปพื้นฐานจะมีลักษณะเป็นผงสีเทาละเอียด มี 2 โครงสร้างคือแบบหกเหลี่ยม (α-WC) และแบบลูกบาศก์ (β-WC)
 
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์เตรียมได้จากการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนกับคาร์บอนที่อุณหภูมิ 1400–2000 °C[3] หรือให้ความร้อนกับทังสเตนไตรออกไซด์และแกรไฟต์โดยตรงที่ 900 °C หรือในแก๊สไฮโดรเจนที่ 670 °C ตามด้วยการคาร์บิวไรเซชันในแก๊สอาร์กอนที่ 1000 °C[4] หรือใช้วิธีการเคลือบด้วยไอเคมี เช่น
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะคลอไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและมีเทนที่อุณหภูมิ 670 °C (1,238 °F)
 WCl6 + H2 + CH4 WC + 6 HCl
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะฟลูออไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและเมทานอลที่อุณหภูมิ 350 °C (662 °F)
                WF6 + 2 H2 + CH3OH → WC + 6 HF + H2O
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีจุดหลอมเหลวที่ 2,870 °C (5,200 °F) และจุดเดือดที่ 6,000 °C (10,830 °F) มีความแข็งระดับ 9 ตามมาตราโมสและประมาณ 2600 ตามมาตราวิกเคอส์[5] ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีความแข็งเกร็งมากกว่าเหล็กกล้าประมาณ 2 เท่า มีค่ามอดุลัสของยังประมาณ 530–700 GPa (77,000–102,000 ksi)[2][6][5][7] โมดูลัสของแรงบีบอัด 630–655 GPa และโมดูลัสของแรงเฉือน 274 GPa[8]
 
ด้วยคุณสมบัติความแข็งและทนความร้อนสูง ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์จึงใช้ทำเป็นเครื่องมือตัดหรือหัวเจาะ ใช้ทำกระสุนเจาะเกราะ เครื่องมือผ่าตัด อุปกรณ์กีฬา เครื่องประดับและอื่น ๆ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
อ้างอิง
 
  1. Kurlov, p. 22
  2. Blau, Peter J. (2003). Wear of Materials. Elsevier. p. 1345. ISBN 978-0-08-044301-0.
  3. Pierson, Hugh O. (1992). Handbook of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): Principles, Technology, and Applications. William Andrew Inc. ISBN 0-8155-1300-3.
  4. Zhong, Y.; Shaw, L. (2011). 'A study on the synthesis of nanostructured WC–10 wt% Co particles from WO3 , Co3O4 , and graphite'. Journal of Materials Science 46 (19): 6323–6331. Bibcode:2011JMatS..46.6323Z. doi:10.1007/s10853-010-4937-y.
  5. Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-470-46700-8.
  6. Kurlov, p. 3
  7. Cardarelli, François (2008). Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 640–. ISBN 978-1-84628-669-8.
  8. Kurlov, pp. 30, 135
  9. Sprince, NL.; Chamberlin, RI.; Hales, CA.; Weber, AL.; Kazemi, H. (1984). 'Respiratory disease in tungsten carbide production workers'. Chest 86 (4): 549–557. PMID 6434250. doi:10.1378/chest.86.4.549.
  10. 12th Report on Carcinogens'. National Toxicology Program. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/roc12. เรียกข้อมูลเมื่อ 2011-06-24.
ความคิดเห็น :
8334
อ้างอิง

Roseanna
Wow, this report particularly strike the nail upon the intellect! I've been battling with this matter for a long time and it's therefore fresh new towards perspective a person very dive deep into the situation and provide easy providers. The illustrations your self presented had been astonishingly relatable and I uncovered myself nodding alongside as I browse throughout them. One particular point that particularly resonated with me was the truth oneself generated regarding the value of self-treatment. It's thus very simple towards attain trapped up inside of the working day-in the direction of-working day grind and fail to remember our individual well being. Still as by yourself rightly pointed out, having the season in direction of recharge and prioritize our psychological and bodily conditioning is very important if we have to have in direction of be our most straightforward selves. I'm unquestionably shifting towards attempt employing some of the recommendations oneself shared. Thank by yourself for this informative and inspiring short article!
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : http://hong-duk.com/bbs/board.php?bo_table=free&wr_id=71956
Roseanna [141.101.76.xxx] เมื่อ 30/09/2024 18:45
8335
อ้างอิง

Fun Club
About Bhopal Escorts Service
 
 
In terms of comparison, the divas present inside our escort agency are definitely going to please you all. It is the stunning appearance and fine erotic touches of love which is bound to call in all types of clients from all the locations. Bhopal Escorts are supposed to be the most tempting individuals who have versatile nature to treat customers in finest directions. You can easily appoint the beguiling hot ladies here to become your intimate partner. In whichever situation you prefer calling out these charming angels, they are ready only to satisfy your demands. The babes with us have strong attempts to fill in the hearts and souls of clients keeping each one of them in satiated conditions.
 
Escorts in Visakhapatnam are the finest possible companions
 
The women here working along with our agency have all sorts of skills in removing all kinds of depressions from the minds of customers. You are ensured to crave for the moments of erotic romance to come in close relation to our darlings here. They do have much of experience in this sector and can assist customers in right directions. An amicable nature is every time being noticed within these trained professionals here. The Call Girls in Visakhapatnam do have capabilities to respond well understanding the entire situation. With no negative characteristics or attitude, these divas are ensured to call in customers from here and there.
 
Independent Visakhapatnam call girls are very attentive
 
The best of approach is going to be seen from the dazzling hot beauties here with our agency. Escort services in Visakhapatnam are staying active around all the times of the clock. In any particular location you wish to have these trained professionals at your sides, they are acceptable there. You could never reject these kinds of services conveyed by these seductive hot darlings. These partners can easily adjust to any situation whichever is being faced in by customers. An extraordinary skill and commitment would be easily benefitted in by clients to remain engaged to all of our dazzling hot babes here.
 
Variant social programs rejoiced with Visakhapatnam Independent Escorts
 
The babes over here with us never make any wrong dealing with their customers. Rather they are definitely skilled in eliminating all depressions from your moods. Visakhapatnam escorts can be easily hired in by clients following up some online modes of services. We have a dedicated website of our agency with the images of the call girls who all are ready to serve you on request. There are situations when you can call out to our darlings which include –
· Social gathering
· Corporate events
· Official parties
· Bachelor get together
· Holidaying
 
 
 
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.funclubmumbai.com/
Fun Club [172.69.179.xxx] เมื่อ 30/09/2024 20:11
8336
อ้างอิง

bharti sharma
To ensure that you get the best results every single time, we provide our girls with the duties they perform as call girls and how to impress clients physically and mentally. Girls who are honest about their methods are more than happy to join our team in this lucrative business. The commitment to and dedication to their professions make Ludhiana call girls a popular choice for everyone. With a solid drive to enjoy most of the call girls in Ludhiana, they ensure that their customers are delighted every single time.

Local call girls in LudhianaLudhiana escort serviceescorts in LudhianaLudhiana call girl service
 
bharti sharma [103.67.18.xxx] เมื่อ 30/09/2024 20:28
8337
อ้างอิง

bharti sharma
To ensure that you get the best results every single time, we provide our girls with the duties they perform as call girls and how to impress clients physically and mentally. Girls who are honest about their methods are more than happy to join our team in this lucrative business. The commitment to and dedication to their professions make Ludhiana call girls a popular choice for everyone. With a solid drive to enjoy most of the call girls in Ludhiana, they ensure that their customers are delighted every single time.

Local call girls in LudhianaLudhiana escort serviceescorts in LudhianaLudhiana call girl service
 
bharti sharma [108.162.226.xxx] เมื่อ 30/09/2024 20:28
8338
อ้างอิง

Lettie
https://linkedinxraysearch.tumblr.com/ hello there and thank you for your information – I've definitely picked up something new from right here. I did however expertise some technical issues using this site, as I experienced to reload the website a lot of times previous to I could get it to load correctly. I had been wondering if your web host is OK? Not that I'm complaining, but sluggish loading instances times will very frequently affect your placement in google and could damage your quality score if ads and marketing with Adwords. Well I am adding this RSS to my e-mail and could look out for much more of your respective interesting content. Make sure you update this again very soon.https://linkedinxraysearch.tumblr.com/
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://linkedinxraysearch.tumblr.com/
Lettie [172.71.150.xxx] เมื่อ 1/10/2024 08:42
8339
อ้างอิง

Christel
Wow, this short article incredibly strike the nail upon the thoughts! I've been having difficulties with this make a difference for decades and it's therefore fresh new towards check out a person exceptionally dive deep into the condition and supply handy companies. The illustrations by yourself supplied were being surprisingly relatable and I discovered myself nodding together as I browse throughout them. One particular point that incredibly resonated with me was the actuality oneself manufactured concerning the value of self-treatment. It's hence very simple toward acquire trapped up inside of the working day-toward-working day grind and overlook our personal wellness. Nevertheless as your self rightly pointed out, having the year toward recharge and prioritize our psychological and actual physical fitness is imperative if we need to have in direction of be our easiest selves. I'm totally transferring towards try out utilizing some of the suggestions by yourself shared. Thank yourself for this educational and inspiring article!
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : http://digitalmaine.net/mediawiki3/index.php?title=User:HenrySatterfield
Christel [172.71.152.xxx] เมื่อ 2/10/2024 09:57
8340
อ้างอิง

Latoya
Remarkable , what an thoughtful post! I really savored reading about your perspective on this issue . It's undoubtedly given me a lot to mull over . I'd long to be exposed to more of your ideas , if you're inclined to sustaining the discussion . Additionally , have you discovered of MEGA888 ? It's an terrific internet gaming platform with piles of invigorating selections . I've experienced there and the venture has proved to be phenomenal . Provided that you're craving a different way to experience some recreation and plausibly succeed, I'd vehemently endorse exploring it further. Let me know if you're curious and I will give more details !
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://dugganvinding.livejournal.com/profile
Latoya [108.162.221.xxx] เมื่อ 2/10/2024 15:58
8341
อ้างอิง

UNICCM
Courses that offer interaction with other professionals through group activities, discussions, or networking events are invaluable. UNICCM supports this by facilitating meaningful interactions on their online platforms, helping professionals build connections and exchange knowledge. 
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.uniccm.com/
UNICCM [172.68.225.xxx] เมื่อ 2/10/2024 21:30
8342
อ้างอิง

stitch
สล็อต เว็บตรง ไม่ผ่านเอเย่นต์ แจกเครดิตเล่นสล็อตฟรีทุกค่าย ทุกเกม เล่นได้รับโบนัสจัดเต็ม สมัครใหม่รับโบนัสฟรี 100% เข้าเดิมพันออนไลน์ สล็อตเว็บตรงขั้นต่ำ 1 บาท ถอนได้จริง https://gracegardenschools.org
 
stitch [172.68.189.xxx] เมื่อ 2/10/2024 21:47
8343
อ้างอิง

stitch
เกมสล็อตออนไลน์ ส่งตรงจาก สล็อต ลิขสิทธิ์แท้100% แจกโปรโมชั่นสล็อต สมาชิกใหม่ล่าสุด สมัครเข้าเกมสล็อต ฝาก100รับ200ถอนได้ไม่อั้น รองรับการเติมฝาก สล็อตบนมือถือ ฝากถอนผ่านระบบอัตโนมัติ ทำรายการได้ด้วยตนเอง ใช้เวลาไม่ถึง 1 นาที https://rueckbildungsgymnastik.net
 
stitch [172.68.189.xxx] เมื่อ 2/10/2024 21:48
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779780781782783784785786787788789790791792793794795796797798799800801802803804805806807808809810811812813814815816817818819820821822823824825826827828829830831832833834835836837838839840841842843844845846
ความคิดเห็นของผู้เข้าชม
ชื่อผู้แสดงความคิดเห็น :
สถานะ : รหัสผ่าน :
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง :
รหัสความปลอดภัย :