สถิติ
เปิดเมื่อ28/01/2015
อัพเดท19/06/2024
ผู้เข้าชม2284539
แสดงหน้า2803940
ปฎิทิน
December 2024
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
    
สมาชิก

สมัครสมาชิก | ลืมรหัสผ่าน

ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์

อ่าน 771560 | ตอบ 8487
ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์ (อังกฤษ: tungsten carbide) มีสูตรเคมีคือ WC ในรูปพื้นฐานจะมีลักษณะเป็นผงสีเทาละเอียด มี 2 โครงสร้างคือแบบหกเหลี่ยม (α-WC) และแบบลูกบาศก์ (β-WC)
 
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์เตรียมได้จากการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนกับคาร์บอนที่อุณหภูมิ 1400–2000 °C[3] หรือให้ความร้อนกับทังสเตนไตรออกไซด์และแกรไฟต์โดยตรงที่ 900 °C หรือในแก๊สไฮโดรเจนที่ 670 °C ตามด้วยการคาร์บิวไรเซชันในแก๊สอาร์กอนที่ 1000 °C[4] หรือใช้วิธีการเคลือบด้วยไอเคมี เช่น
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะคลอไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและมีเทนที่อุณหภูมิ 670 °C (1,238 °F)
 WCl6 + H2 + CH4 WC + 6 HCl
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะฟลูออไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและเมทานอลที่อุณหภูมิ 350 °C (662 °F)
                WF6 + 2 H2 + CH3OH → WC + 6 HF + H2O
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีจุดหลอมเหลวที่ 2,870 °C (5,200 °F) และจุดเดือดที่ 6,000 °C (10,830 °F) มีความแข็งระดับ 9 ตามมาตราโมสและประมาณ 2600 ตามมาตราวิกเคอส์[5] ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีความแข็งเกร็งมากกว่าเหล็กกล้าประมาณ 2 เท่า มีค่ามอดุลัสของยังประมาณ 530–700 GPa (77,000–102,000 ksi)[2][6][5][7] โมดูลัสของแรงบีบอัด 630–655 GPa และโมดูลัสของแรงเฉือน 274 GPa[8]
 
ด้วยคุณสมบัติความแข็งและทนความร้อนสูง ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์จึงใช้ทำเป็นเครื่องมือตัดหรือหัวเจาะ ใช้ทำกระสุนเจาะเกราะ เครื่องมือผ่าตัด อุปกรณ์กีฬา เครื่องประดับและอื่น ๆ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
อ้างอิง
 
  1. Kurlov, p. 22
  2. Blau, Peter J. (2003). Wear of Materials. Elsevier. p. 1345. ISBN 978-0-08-044301-0.
  3. Pierson, Hugh O. (1992). Handbook of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): Principles, Technology, and Applications. William Andrew Inc. ISBN 0-8155-1300-3.
  4. Zhong, Y.; Shaw, L. (2011). 'A study on the synthesis of nanostructured WC–10 wt% Co particles from WO3 , Co3O4 , and graphite'. Journal of Materials Science 46 (19): 6323–6331. Bibcode:2011JMatS..46.6323Z. doi:10.1007/s10853-010-4937-y.
  5. Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-470-46700-8.
  6. Kurlov, p. 3
  7. Cardarelli, François (2008). Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 640–. ISBN 978-1-84628-669-8.
  8. Kurlov, pp. 30, 135
  9. Sprince, NL.; Chamberlin, RI.; Hales, CA.; Weber, AL.; Kazemi, H. (1984). 'Respiratory disease in tungsten carbide production workers'. Chest 86 (4): 549–557. PMID 6434250. doi:10.1378/chest.86.4.549.
  10. 12th Report on Carcinogens'. National Toxicology Program. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/roc12. เรียกข้อมูลเมื่อ 2011-06-24.
ความคิดเห็น :
2730
อ้างอิง

www.u-sun.bet
หากคุณเป็นผู้เล่นมือใหม่ คุณสามารถทดลองเล่นเกมสล้อตได้ฟรี www.u-sun.bet เล่นได้ง่าย สนุกเพลิดเพลิน ตลอด 24 ชั่วโมง
 
www.u-sun.bet [193.37.32.xxx] เมื่อ 17/10/2022 19:09
2731
อ้างอิง

ทดลองเล่นpg
หากคุณกำลังมองหาเว็บไซต์ที่ปลอดภัย ทดลองเล่นpg เล่นได้เงินจริง ถอนได้จริง เว็บของเราตอบโจทย์ความต้องการในการเล่นมากที่สุด เกมสล็อต ค่าย pg แตกง่าย เกมสล็อตชัวร์100%
 
ทดลองเล่นpg [193.37.32.xxx] เมื่อ 17/10/2022 19:10
2732
อ้างอิง

escort Lahore
When you choose to hire an Escort in Lahore, look for those who are easygoing and are comfortable in social situations. They're attractive and know how to talk to customers. They also know how to navigate the city's busy streets and make sure their clients stay private and comfortable.
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://escortsgirlslahore.com/
escort Lahore [119.73.121.xxx] เมื่อ 17/10/2022 21:49
2733
อ้างอิง

pure cbd tincture

This is something great. Thank you for your efforts and ideas!

 

pure cbd tincture

 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://herbapproach.com/product-category/cbd-oil-canada/cbd-tinctures/
pure cbd tincture [122.52.176.xxx] เมื่อ 18/10/2022 13:12
2734
อ้างอิง

serio micheal
Recover stolen crypto
legit cuban cigar shop online
order macallan online
cheap Golfcarts
used barber chairs for sale
Buy ruckus bike online
best place to buy turtle online
dermal fillers for sale
buy parrot near me
buy botox shop online near me
best place to buy botox online
buy weed online
legit weed shop online
most trusted marijuana dispensary online
Buy weed near me
Best place to buy weed onlineRecover stolen crypto
legit cuban cigar shop online
order macallan online
cheap Golfcarts
used barber chairs for sale
Buy ruckus bike online
best place to buy turtle online
dermal fillers for sale
buy parrot near me
buy botox shop online near me
best place to buy botox online
buy weed online
legit weed shop online
most trusted marijuana dispensary online
Buy weed near me
Best place to buy weed onlineRecover stolen crypto
legit cuban cigar shop online
order macallan online
cheap Golfcarts
used barber chairs for sale
Buy ruckus bike online
best place to buy turtle online
dermal fillers for sale
buy parrot near me
buy botox shop online near me
best place to buy botox online
buy weed online
legit weed shop online
most trusted marijuana dispensary online
Buy weed near me
Best place to buy weed onlineRecover stolen crypto
legit cuban cigar shop online
order macallan online
cheap Golfcarts
used barber chairs for sale
Buy ruckus bike online
best place to buy turtle online
dermal fillers for sale
buy parrot near me
buy botox shop online near me
best place to buy botox online
buy weed online
legit weed shop online
most trusted marijuana dispensary online
Buy weed near me
Best place to buy weed onlineRecover stolen crypto
legit cuban cigar shop online
order macallan online
cheap Golfcarts
used barber chairs for sale
Buy ruckus bike online
best place to buy turtle online
dermal fillers for sale
buy parrot near me
buy botox shop online near me
best place to buy botox online
buy weed online
legit weed shop online
most trusted marijuana dispensary online
Buy weed near me
Best place to buy weed onlineRecover stolen crypto
legit cuban cigar shop online
order macallan online
cheap Golfcarts
used barber chairs for sale
Buy ruckus bike online
best place to buy turtle online
dermal fillers for sale
buy parrot near me
buy botox shop online near me
best place to buy botox online
buy weed online
legit weed shop online
most trusted marijuana dispensary online
Buy weed near me
Best place to buy weed onlineRecover stolen crypto
legit cuban cigar shop online
order macallan online
cheap Golfcarts
used barber chairs for sale
Buy ruckus bike online
best place to buy turtle online
dermal fillers for sale
buy parrot near me
buy botox shop online near me
best place to buy botox online
buy weed online
legit weed shop online
most trusted marijuana dispensary online
Buy weed near me
Best place to buy weed onlineRecover stolen crypto
legit cuban cigar shop online
order macallan online
cheap Golfcarts
used barber chairs for sale
Buy ruckus bike online
best place to buy turtle online
dermal fillers for sale
buy parrot near me
buy botox shop online near me
best place to buy botox online
buy weed online
legit weed shop online
most trusted marijuana dispensary online
Buy weed near me
Best place to buy weed onlineRecover stolen crypto
legit cuban cigar shop online
order macallan online
cheap Golfcarts
used barber chairs for sale
Buy ruckus bike online
best place to buy turtle online
dermal fillers for sale
buy parrot near me
buy botox shop online near me
best place to buy botox online
buy weed online
legit weed shop online
most trusted marijuana dispensary online
Buy weed near me
Best place to buy weed onlineRecover stolen crypto
legit cuban cigar shop online
order macallan online
cheap Golfcarts
used barber chairs for sale
Buy ruckus bike online
best place to buy turtle online
dermal fillers for sale
buy parrot near me
buy botox shop online near me
best place to buy botox online
buy weed online
legit weed shop online
most trusted marijuana dispensary online
Buy weed near me
Best place to buy weed onlineRecover stolen crypto
legit cuban cigar shop online
order macallan online
cheap Golfca
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://allweed.site
serio micheal [129.0.76.xxx] เมื่อ 18/10/2022 18:25
2735
อ้างอิง

ltobet
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.ltobetlotto.vip
ltobet [103.101.211.xxx] เมื่อ 19/10/2022 03:15
2736
อ้างอิง

ltobet
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.ltobetlotto.vip
ltobet [103.101.211.xxx] เมื่อ 19/10/2022 03:32
2737
อ้างอิง

punecallgirl
 
punecallgirl [157.34.65.xxx] เมื่อ 19/10/2022 12:21
2738
อ้างอิง

Kiran Bhatt
Mumbai call young ladies:
 your beauty queen for an awe inspiring encounter:
Make your evenings alluring and adorable with Mumbai call young ladies. If it's not too much trouble, dispose of those occasions when you battled with fatigue and depression in Mumbai, as our young and enthusiastic call young ladies are here to give you a staggering encounter. Mumbai is quite possibly of the most well known and profoundly evaluated city in India. Around here, you can expect loads of fun as various vacation destinations cover significant pieces of Mumbai.
From entrancing grand magnificence to rich legacy, there are numerous things to investigate in Mumbai with your heartfelt buddy. However, on the off chance that you are in Mumbai alone, you could pass up loads of tomfoolery. This is a result of the heartfelt and wonderful climate of the city. Mumbai is a lovely city with heartfelt climate. The sea shores and lakeside sees give you an ideal climate to have intercourse with your accomplice.
In any case, few out of every odd man has one such better half who can satisfy his longings and give him sexual delight. In the event that you are one of those men battling with dejection in Mumbai, you should associate with the Mumbai call young ladies organization. Indeed, contact us at the present time, and we have the best assortment of call young ladies in Mumbai. Our call young ladies will give you loads of commendation and make your Mumbai trip worth paramount.
Appealing call young ladies in Mumbai to fulfill your drive:
Sexual desires are normal when you are in a heartfelt city like Mumbai. Be that as it may, these sexual desires become dangerous when left unfulfilled. A man becomes fretful and eager when an ideal young lady doesn't satisfy his sexual longings. He feels upset and restless when no young lady is there to give him sexual delight and heartfelt energies.
Frustrating sexual coexistence is the reason numerous men are distraught and fulfilled in Mumbai. While considering the issue of youthful and attractive hunks like you, our Mumbai call young ladies have come to the market. Ye, snow our call young ladies will turn into your organization sion and cause you to feel the joy of affection and delight. They will fulfill your drive with their cute, tempting moves and dazzling character.
Our free Mumbai call young ladies have numerous alluring elements and attributes that you should consider. The flawlessness of our young ladies will win your love and cause you to feel the best erotic experience of your life. A few significant qualities of call young ladies in Mumbai are as per the following:
•             Proficient young ladies are accessible at our Mumbai call young ladies organization.
•             Every one of the young ladies accessible at our organization are exceptionally taught and moral.
•             They have incredible relational abilities utilizing which they will continue to play with you and make messy discussions.
•             Our call young ladies' grown-up net retainment administrations merit having and encountering.
•             Our call young ladies have dated various clients, and they have had sufficient experience managing horny men.
•             They are familiar the different abilities and gifts expected to keep a man feeling physically stimulated and fulfilled.
•             With sensual looks, they will keep you drawn to them.
 
So above were a portion of the significant qualities of our Mumbai call young ladies, which you should be aware. If you have any desire to have such very good quality young ladies in Mumbai, you should associate with our call young ladies office, and we will give you sexual and colorful young ladies who are energized and enthusiastic to meet and adore you. Thusly, contact us and get such marvelous autonomous call young ladies in Mumbai.
Well proportioned free call young ladies in Mumbai are ideal for night outs:
The nightlife of Mumbai merits investigating. Extraordinary gatherings and occasions continue to occur in the city. The bars and night bars are loaded with DJs and beverages. You will partake in your experience with maximum capacity while encountering the nightlife of Mumbai. Be that as it may, a few bars and clubs just permit couples to enter.
 
Numerous night social affairs have no offices for men to get stag section. Furthermore, for that reason numerous men are denied of the tomfoolery related with the bars and bars of Mumbai. On the off chance that you are battling with comparable issues, and need a female friend, our Mumbai call young ladies are here to help you.
 
They are generally accessible to make fun on night outs and drink and hit the dance floor with you on heartfelt pulsates. Subsequently, you can associate with them to partake in the nightlife of Mumbai with no difficulties.
 
Contact Mumbai call young ladies organization to get your provocative angel:
 
 
On the off chance that you are eager to have intercourse with such fashionable present day and appealing call young ladies in Mumbai, reach us. Get the best grown-up diversion administration cs in Mumbai right at our organization and feel the genuine joy of adoration and desire. Our call young ladies will add shades of sentiment and euphoria to your existence with their cute presence. So get such hottest individuals in Mumbai and transform your evenings into heartfelt and charming ones.
 
Vip Mumbai Call Girls | Andheri Call Girls | Bandra Call Girls | Navi Mumbai Call Girls | Vashi Call Girls | Goregaon Call Girls |
Contact Details:
Address: Andheri, Mumbai, Maharashtra
Web:  https://www.callgirlsmumbai.net
Email: callgirlsmumbai.net@gmail.com
Mob:  8294488807
 
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.callgirlsmumbai.net
Kiran Bhatt [223.187.83.xxx] เมื่อ 19/10/2022 12:57
2739
อ้างอิง

Kiran Bhatt

Want to Hang out with our charming Mumbai Call Girls. (Call Girls in Mumbai) Our Independent Model escorts in Mumbai open for 24X7 at your services.
Vip Mumbai Call Girls | Andheri Call Girls | Bandra Call Girls | Navi Mumbai Call Girls | Vashi Call Girls | Goregaon Call Girls |



 
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.callgirlsmumbai.net
Kiran Bhatt [223.187.83.xxx] เมื่อ 19/10/2022 13:07
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779780781782783784785786787788789790791792793794795796797798799800801802803804805806807808809810811812813814815816817818819820821822823824825826827828829830831832833834835836837838839840841842843844845846847848849850
ความคิดเห็นของผู้เข้าชม
ชื่อผู้แสดงความคิดเห็น :
สถานะ : รหัสผ่าน :
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง :
รหัสความปลอดภัย :