สถิติ
เปิดเมื่อ28/01/2015
อัพเดท19/06/2024
ผู้เข้าชม2223471
แสดงหน้า2736549
ปฎิทิน
November 2024
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
     
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
สมาชิก

สมัครสมาชิก | ลืมรหัสผ่าน

ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์

อ่าน 745533 | ตอบ 8449
ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์ (อังกฤษ: tungsten carbide) มีสูตรเคมีคือ WC ในรูปพื้นฐานจะมีลักษณะเป็นผงสีเทาละเอียด มี 2 โครงสร้างคือแบบหกเหลี่ยม (α-WC) และแบบลูกบาศก์ (β-WC)
 
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์เตรียมได้จากการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนกับคาร์บอนที่อุณหภูมิ 1400–2000 °C[3] หรือให้ความร้อนกับทังสเตนไตรออกไซด์และแกรไฟต์โดยตรงที่ 900 °C หรือในแก๊สไฮโดรเจนที่ 670 °C ตามด้วยการคาร์บิวไรเซชันในแก๊สอาร์กอนที่ 1000 °C[4] หรือใช้วิธีการเคลือบด้วยไอเคมี เช่น
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะคลอไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและมีเทนที่อุณหภูมิ 670 °C (1,238 °F)
 WCl6 + H2 + CH4 WC + 6 HCl
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะฟลูออไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและเมทานอลที่อุณหภูมิ 350 °C (662 °F)
                WF6 + 2 H2 + CH3OH → WC + 6 HF + H2O
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีจุดหลอมเหลวที่ 2,870 °C (5,200 °F) และจุดเดือดที่ 6,000 °C (10,830 °F) มีความแข็งระดับ 9 ตามมาตราโมสและประมาณ 2600 ตามมาตราวิกเคอส์[5] ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีความแข็งเกร็งมากกว่าเหล็กกล้าประมาณ 2 เท่า มีค่ามอดุลัสของยังประมาณ 530–700 GPa (77,000–102,000 ksi)[2][6][5][7] โมดูลัสของแรงบีบอัด 630–655 GPa และโมดูลัสของแรงเฉือน 274 GPa[8]
 
ด้วยคุณสมบัติความแข็งและทนความร้อนสูง ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์จึงใช้ทำเป็นเครื่องมือตัดหรือหัวเจาะ ใช้ทำกระสุนเจาะเกราะ เครื่องมือผ่าตัด อุปกรณ์กีฬา เครื่องประดับและอื่น ๆ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
อ้างอิง
 
  1. Kurlov, p. 22
  2. Blau, Peter J. (2003). Wear of Materials. Elsevier. p. 1345. ISBN 978-0-08-044301-0.
  3. Pierson, Hugh O. (1992). Handbook of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): Principles, Technology, and Applications. William Andrew Inc. ISBN 0-8155-1300-3.
  4. Zhong, Y.; Shaw, L. (2011). 'A study on the synthesis of nanostructured WC–10 wt% Co particles from WO3 , Co3O4 , and graphite'. Journal of Materials Science 46 (19): 6323–6331. Bibcode:2011JMatS..46.6323Z. doi:10.1007/s10853-010-4937-y.
  5. Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-470-46700-8.
  6. Kurlov, p. 3
  7. Cardarelli, François (2008). Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 640–. ISBN 978-1-84628-669-8.
  8. Kurlov, pp. 30, 135
  9. Sprince, NL.; Chamberlin, RI.; Hales, CA.; Weber, AL.; Kazemi, H. (1984). 'Respiratory disease in tungsten carbide production workers'. Chest 86 (4): 549–557. PMID 6434250. doi:10.1378/chest.86.4.549.
  10. 12th Report on Carcinogens'. National Toxicology Program. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/roc12. เรียกข้อมูลเมื่อ 2011-06-24.
ความคิดเห็น :
4429
อ้างอิง

sakshipundit
Jamshedpur escorts services with high class Indian call girls in Jamshedpur to make your mood every time. Call us now at 9800000000 to get a female escort girl service in Jamshedpur city 24X7.
 
Jamshedpur Escorts | Jamshedpur Escort | Jamshedpur Escorts Service | Jamshedpur Call girls | Agartala Escorts | Agartala Escort | Agartala Escorts Service | Agartala Call Girls | Visakhapatnam escorts | Visakhapatnam escort | Visakhapatnam escorts Service |  Visakhapatnam Call Girls |
 
sakshipundit [42.111.126.xxx] เมื่อ 3/05/2023 18:17
4430
อ้างอิง

Master Royale Private Server
Thank you for posting this information. Would you like to play Clash Royale with joy? If you use the Master Royal Private Server, you will also start your journey with 1 million gold! With this, you should be able to upgrade all the cards in the game. Visit  the article and get more information about Master Royale
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://groups.google.com/u/0/g/how-to-add-friends-in-clash-royale/c/mFFJtf_qMXs
Master Royale Private Server [117.223.29.xxx] เมื่อ 3/05/2023 18:28
4431
อ้างอิง

raghib
Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link Deals offers link
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://foro.zendalibros.com/forums/users/dailynewdeals/
raghib [139.167.214.xxx] เมื่อ 4/05/2023 04:39
4432
อ้างอิง

Manju

Delhi is famous city for tourist, you are in Delhi and feel Alone so searching a girls who is to make your night memorable choose Ashram Escorts Sarakaur Agency College girls and Desi women always Ready to satisfied your body requirement they are independent you can hire very easily hire now and enjoy in bed more visit website:-  

 
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.provenexpert.com/manju-jaiswal/
Manju [103.176.16.xxx] เมื่อ 4/05/2023 14:27
4433
อ้างอิง

Sonu
Delhi escorts%%Escorts in Delhi%%Independent Delhi escorts%%Delhi MOdel escorts%%Call girls iN Delhi%%High Profile Delhi escorts%%Delhi escort%%Delhi Female escorts%%Female Delhi Escorts%%Female Delhi Escort%%Delhi escorts%%Escorts in Delhi%%Independent Delhi escorts%%Delhi MOdel escorts%%Call girls iN Delhi%%Delhi Model Escorts%%Escort Service in Delhi%%Escorts in Delhi%%Escort agency in Delhi%%BUsty escorts in Delhi%%Independent escorts in Delhi%%Russian escorts in Delhi%%Delhi escorts%%Escorts in Delhi%%Independent Delhi escorts%%Delhi MOdel escorts%%Call girls iN Delhi%%BUsty escorts in Delhi%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils%%elite escorts%%russian escorts%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils%%elite escorts%%russian escorts%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils%%elite escorts%%russian escorts%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils%%elite escorts%%russian escorts%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils%%elite escorts%%russian escorts%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils
 
Sonu [77.111.246.xxx] เมื่อ 4/05/2023 14:37
4434
อ้างอิง

Sonu
Delhi escorts%%Escorts in Delhi%%Independent Delhi escorts%%Delhi MOdel escorts%%Call girls iN Delhi%%High Profile Delhi escorts%%Delhi escort%%Delhi Female escorts%%Female Delhi Escorts%%Female Delhi Escort%%Delhi escorts%%Escorts in Delhi%%Independent Delhi escorts%%Delhi MOdel escorts%%Call girls iN Delhi%%Delhi Model Escorts%%Escort Service in Delhi%%Escorts in Delhi%%Escort agency in Delhi%%BUsty escorts in Delhi%%Independent escorts in Delhi%%Russian escorts in Delhi%%Delhi escorts%%Escorts in Delhi%%Independent Delhi escorts%%Delhi MOdel escorts%%Call girls iN Delhi%%BUsty escorts in Delhi%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils%%elite escorts%%russian escorts%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils%%elite escorts%%russian escorts%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils%%elite escorts%%russian escorts%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils%%elite escorts%%russian escorts%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils%%elite escorts%%russian escorts%%hi profile escorts%%celebrity escorts%%Delhi escorts%%aerocity escorts%%Dwarka escorts%%Delhi escort%%Model escorts%%independent escorts%%call grils
 
Sonu [77.111.246.xxx] เมื่อ 4/05/2023 14:46
4435
อ้างอิง

Saloni Rani
Our Independent Aerocity Escorts delight in taking their new sweethearts on long, fun travelling expenditures. Restaurants with Independent Delhi Escorts Are known for serving light, delicious, and a variety of dishes on the table for food – this, of course, is not a puzzle. Enjoy this city's colossal assorted qualities of culinary art with our top Independent Delhi Escorts. It will be an extraordinary involvement from various perspectives. The fidelity that you and your responsive escort gallery of Independent Aerocity Escorts remain close to New Delhi makes you open to sexy suggestions. Whatsoever, as a part of Independent Delhi Escort Service, you will enjoy a sexual ordeal that cannot be compared. Our higher-grade Independent Female Escorts love to live exotic lives with their man. Our agency relinquishes exclusive Aerocity Escorts Services that would give you satisfaction by providing the most breath-taking teen models in the city.
 
Saloni Rani [103.176.16.xxx] เมื่อ 4/05/2023 17:07
4436
อ้างอิง

Nidhi Pradhan
 
Nidhi Pradhan [103.141.91.xxx] เมื่อ 4/05/2023 17:15
4437
อ้างอิง

online dispensary prince edward island
<a href =”https://herbapproach.com/product-category/cannabis-flower/online-dispensary-prince-edward island/”>online dispensary prince edward island</a>
I found this blog site it’s very informative and helpful.
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://herbapproach.com/product-category/cannabis-flower/online-dispensary-prince-edward island/
online dispensary prince edward island [122.52.186.xxx] เมื่อ 5/05/2023 12:29
4438
อ้างอิง

jenny
We have Jennygoaescorts.in a local classifieds site. Select one of the Top areas below to see the ads or post an ad using the top right link.
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-lucknow/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-agra/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-ludhiana/
https: //jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-green-park/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-kolhapur/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-vadodara/
https: //jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-vadodara/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-patna/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-pune/
https:// jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-ooty/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-varanasi/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-gwalior/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-bhubaneswar/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-saket/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-chennai/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-amritsar/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-kanpur/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-hyderabad/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-wadala/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-aerocity/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-rohini/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-chhatarpur/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-khar-west/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-borivali/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-gangtok/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-dadar/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-mount-abu/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-nagpur/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-dwarka/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-kolkata/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-nashik/
https://jennygoaescorts.in/location/call-girls-north-goa/
 
jenny [122.177.104.xxx] เมื่อ 5/05/2023 13:28
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779780781782783784785786787788789790791792793794795796797798799800801802803804805806807808809810811812813814815816817818819820821822823824825826827828829830831832833834835836837838839840841842843844845846
ความคิดเห็นของผู้เข้าชม
ชื่อผู้แสดงความคิดเห็น :
สถานะ : รหัสผ่าน :
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง :
รหัสความปลอดภัย :