สถิติ
เปิดเมื่อ28/01/2015
อัพเดท19/06/2024
ผู้เข้าชม2219303
แสดงหน้า2732032
ปฎิทิน
November 2024
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
     
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
สมาชิก

สมัครสมาชิก | ลืมรหัสผ่าน

ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์

อ่าน 743911 | ตอบ 8448
ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์ (อังกฤษ: tungsten carbide) มีสูตรเคมีคือ WC ในรูปพื้นฐานจะมีลักษณะเป็นผงสีเทาละเอียด มี 2 โครงสร้างคือแบบหกเหลี่ยม (α-WC) และแบบลูกบาศก์ (β-WC)
 
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์เตรียมได้จากการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนกับคาร์บอนที่อุณหภูมิ 1400–2000 °C[3] หรือให้ความร้อนกับทังสเตนไตรออกไซด์และแกรไฟต์โดยตรงที่ 900 °C หรือในแก๊สไฮโดรเจนที่ 670 °C ตามด้วยการคาร์บิวไรเซชันในแก๊สอาร์กอนที่ 1000 °C[4] หรือใช้วิธีการเคลือบด้วยไอเคมี เช่น
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะคลอไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและมีเทนที่อุณหภูมิ 670 °C (1,238 °F)
 WCl6 + H2 + CH4 WC + 6 HCl
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะฟลูออไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและเมทานอลที่อุณหภูมิ 350 °C (662 °F)
                WF6 + 2 H2 + CH3OH → WC + 6 HF + H2O
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีจุดหลอมเหลวที่ 2,870 °C (5,200 °F) และจุดเดือดที่ 6,000 °C (10,830 °F) มีความแข็งระดับ 9 ตามมาตราโมสและประมาณ 2600 ตามมาตราวิกเคอส์[5] ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีความแข็งเกร็งมากกว่าเหล็กกล้าประมาณ 2 เท่า มีค่ามอดุลัสของยังประมาณ 530–700 GPa (77,000–102,000 ksi)[2][6][5][7] โมดูลัสของแรงบีบอัด 630–655 GPa และโมดูลัสของแรงเฉือน 274 GPa[8]
 
ด้วยคุณสมบัติความแข็งและทนความร้อนสูง ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์จึงใช้ทำเป็นเครื่องมือตัดหรือหัวเจาะ ใช้ทำกระสุนเจาะเกราะ เครื่องมือผ่าตัด อุปกรณ์กีฬา เครื่องประดับและอื่น ๆ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
อ้างอิง
 
  1. Kurlov, p. 22
  2. Blau, Peter J. (2003). Wear of Materials. Elsevier. p. 1345. ISBN 978-0-08-044301-0.
  3. Pierson, Hugh O. (1992). Handbook of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): Principles, Technology, and Applications. William Andrew Inc. ISBN 0-8155-1300-3.
  4. Zhong, Y.; Shaw, L. (2011). 'A study on the synthesis of nanostructured WC–10 wt% Co particles from WO3 , Co3O4 , and graphite'. Journal of Materials Science 46 (19): 6323–6331. Bibcode:2011JMatS..46.6323Z. doi:10.1007/s10853-010-4937-y.
  5. Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-470-46700-8.
  6. Kurlov, p. 3
  7. Cardarelli, François (2008). Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 640–. ISBN 978-1-84628-669-8.
  8. Kurlov, pp. 30, 135
  9. Sprince, NL.; Chamberlin, RI.; Hales, CA.; Weber, AL.; Kazemi, H. (1984). 'Respiratory disease in tungsten carbide production workers'. Chest 86 (4): 549–557. PMID 6434250. doi:10.1378/chest.86.4.549.
  10. 12th Report on Carcinogens'. National Toxicology Program. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/roc12. เรียกข้อมูลเมื่อ 2011-06-24.
ความคิดเห็น :
2410
อ้างอิง

mumbaiescorts
My name is Ritu Sharma and I am an independent high class model working in Mumbai. At our escort service in Mumbai, you will get to Go on fun dates, have sex with pretty women and have lots of fun. Is this not what everyman desires? The booking at our escort service in Mumbai is really easy without any kinds of complications. Mumbai Escort Service offers you seamless and smooth booking process at the lowest rate possible. So what are you waiting for? Go and book the Mumbai escorts right now and have the good things in your life. You will get to enjoy a fruitful relationship with a beautiful model.
Yes, that is what the Mumbai escorts are offering you. Do you want to spend a beautiful weekend with a gorgeous VIP Mumbai escort girl? If your answer is yes. Then have a go at it just at our Mumbai Scott Agency. The Mumbai sexy girls are indeed the girls of your dreams and they will make the whole night enjoyable. Spend some quality time with the beautiful dream girl in Mumbai and have the best possible time.
 
mumbaiescorts [118.179.37.xxx] เมื่อ 12/09/2022 16:00
2411
อ้างอิง

neha singh

Jaipur Call Girls Is The Most Popular Erotic Service Provider

Our  Jaipur call girls  list is based on several factors like cost confidentiality, security satisfaction, and many more. It's true that in the case of our website. Clients have been waiting for hours to reserve Jaipur Escorts. It is likely that many want to have their own selection of girls. This is why we offer a variety of options to take pleasure in. It is all you need to do is visit our website to feel satisfied with our Jaipur call girls service. If you're someone who is an Escort fan, Jaipur is the best location to find your perfect companion.

It all depends on what you are looking for from a call girls in jaipur. And how to achieve the fulfillment of your sexual desires. Try to make it happen to satisfy your sexual cravings. You'd like to be confident about which escort company will be best for you. Now, however, it is apparent that the number of companies has grown in Jaipur. The Jaipur Escort Service Finder makes it difficult to select an agency. If you're looking to achieve your goals you can find them on the web. Since our escort service is the third-best Jaipur agency for escorting. The top 3 services for escorts service Jaipur call girls.

You Can Visit misskaaya.com And Find Out More beauty

If you'd like to know more about our escort agency. You can also reserve these girls on misskaaya.com which also gives you jaipur call girl at a cheap cost. The Jaipur Escorts girls have the latest technology. They are a delight to their clients and motivate them to keep coming back. You will find a variety of kinds of girls that you'd like to share the evening with them.

We hope that you have a pleasant and fulfilling experience on our website. Our call girls' services are provided to men like you. Everything about our service is unique and unusual. Whether it's the way we approach it or how behave in bed. The Misskaaya agency men return to us for intimate, private moments and the greatest level of sensual pleasure. Our agency will provide always the best call girls service in Jaipur.

We Have Natural Beauties That are Completely Natural And Precocious

Independent call girl in Jaipur. Our Girl's natural beauty is one of the secrets to our agency's name and fame. Which we shared with Jaipur's most beloved and respected independent prostitutes.

Due to compelling circumstances, we cannot reveal everything about Jaipur on my website. You will have full access to all of our options and the best Jaipur call girls service. You are welcome to view all photographs on our website. They are authentic and genuine. Misskaaya will help you focus on things you don't have in life. These are the postures we believe will beat all Jaipur decision ladies.

Enjoy a romantic session by booking escorts in Jaipur city

Today, things are quite different. Even the most demanding client will book call girls jaipur for her company. She does this because she wants to be with an intelligent, beautiful woman. He wouldn't take a prostitute from the street to take her to dinner or to an event. An escort is a completely different animal. There are many options for romantic and sexy call girls that will suit your needs. Jaipur Escort Service is the one for you. We have a process that works exactly for you, and you will feel very comfortable with the way things work. call girl jaipur will become your friend and allow you to indulge in your fantasies on a new level.

We are one of the most respected Misskaaya escort agencies. Because we care about our clients, we explore and improve our services. You can choose from the women on the list. To book the service, you must make a decision. Once you have done that, you will receive the list of Rajasthani call girls in Jaipur and the option to select the extra.

 
neha singh [223.190.36.xxx] เมื่อ 12/09/2022 18:11
2412
อ้างอิง

OGzilla Apk
Fantastic article, I enjoyed it while reading. If you are looking for how to unlock the premium features of any app? Then I share with you a blog that is related to getting premium apps and unlocking premium features with the help of OGzilla Apk. OGzilla Apk is the most trending and trustworthy platform to download all types of modded apps and unlock premium features. For more details, you should read a blog.
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://liberiansocialnews.com/ogzillasafe
OGzilla Apk [117.220.214.xxx] เมื่อ 13/09/2022 13:41
2413
อ้างอิง

michealr roy
we can say that the metamask sign in app is diverse in nature and can be used for accomplishing different tasks on the go. metamask sign in As the Metamask sign in platform adds functionality to the browser, Metamask needs permission to read and write to any of the web pages. metamask sign in
 
michealr roy [203.122.57.xxx] เมื่อ 13/09/2022 13:58
2414
อ้างอิง

driving game unblocked
Decent post, I am glad to visit here. If you are playing Driving Game and that was blocked then, the Node unblocker is the most appropriate tool for unblocking the blocked game or site. It simply hides your identity and gets the best way to access blocked sites. so, you must visit it and driving game unblocked.
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.yarbook.com/driving_games_unblocked
driving game unblocked [117.220.214.xxx] เมื่อ 13/09/2022 14:17
2415
อ้างอิง

Kane
https://maps.google.iq/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.iq/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.cm/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.cm/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.com.gi/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.mg/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.la/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.la/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://www.google.com.sa/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.com.om/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.com.om/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.com.om/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.tk/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.tk/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.tk/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.co.mz/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.co.mz/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.co.mz/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.bs/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.al/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.al/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.tm/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.tm/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.com.bh/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.dm/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.dm/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.com.sb/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.com.sb/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.com.sb/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.kg/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.kg/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.kg/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.sc/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.sc/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.sc/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://www.google.com.pk/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://www.google.rs/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.ad/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.ad/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.ad/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.ws/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.ws/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.ws/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.com.bn/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.sh/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.sh/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.sh/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.bi/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://www.google.by/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.com.ly/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.com.ly/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.com.ly/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.co.uz/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.co.uz/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.fm/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.fm/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.fm/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.com.et/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.com.et/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.com.et/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.ht/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.com.cu/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.com.cu/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.com.cu/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.com.ai/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.com.ai/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.com.ai/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com/%2F
https://images.google.vu/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.vu/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.vu/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.cf/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.cf/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.cf/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.tg/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.tg/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://maps.google.tg/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://cse.google.com.tj/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.com.tj/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https://images.google.ki/url?q=https://www.locardeals.com%2F
https:/
 
Kane [223.187.97.xxx] เมื่อ 13/09/2022 15:09
2416
อ้างอิง

crystal femi
This was really amazing, thanks for sharing with us. If you don't know why does airplay not work? If not, then AirPlay not working is usually associated with device incompatibility. That is because many users do not know whether their gadgets are AirPlay-compatible. If you are one of them, then I suggest you can read one article about the fix airplay,
 
crystal femi [117.220.214.xxx] เมื่อ 13/09/2022 16:50
2417
อ้างอิง

Carry
<
https://maps.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.co.jp/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.fr/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.fr/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.it/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.it/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.it/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.br/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.br/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.com.br/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.ca/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.ca/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.hk/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.nl/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.co.in/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.ru/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.ru/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.pl/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.au/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.tw/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.co.id/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.ch/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.ch/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.ch/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.be/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.be/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.cz/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.co.th/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.ua/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.tr/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.com.mx/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.mx/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.dk/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.dk/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.hu/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.fi/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.co.nz/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.co.nz/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.co.nz/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.vn/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.pt/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.pt/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.ro/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.my/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.co.za/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.sg/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.co.il/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.co.il/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.cl/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.ie/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.sk/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.bg/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.bg/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.pe/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.pe/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.ae/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.pk/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.co/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.co/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.eg/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.lt/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.sa/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.sa/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.hr/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.ee/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.si/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.ec/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.ec/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://maps.google.lv/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.ng/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.ng/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://www.google.com.pr/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
https://images.google.com.gt/url?sa=t&url=https://www.locardeals.com/
 
Carry [171.48.110.xxx] เมื่อ 14/09/2022 13:42
2418
อ้างอิง

mariya jones
PayPal log in is an online service that provides a convenient way to transfer money. You can send and receive money online for products and services
 
mariya jones [180.151.82.xxx] เมื่อ 14/09/2022 14:28
2419
อ้างอิง

Alina taylor
What an amazing site this is! thank you so much for sharing. I want to see more sites like that keep doing it. Are you searching for modded apps? If yes, then use AppYeet which helps you to unlock all the modded features. It gives you access to unlock any premium features. So, you must visit it.
 
Alina taylor [117.220.211.xxx] เมื่อ 14/09/2022 16:13
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779780781782783784785786787788789790791792793794795796797798799800801802803804805806807808809810811812813814815816817818819820821822823824825826827828829830831832833834835836837838839840841842843844845846
ความคิดเห็นของผู้เข้าชม
ชื่อผู้แสดงความคิดเห็น :
สถานะ : รหัสผ่าน :
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง :
รหัสความปลอดภัย :