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สมาชิก

สมัครสมาชิก | ลืมรหัสผ่าน

ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์

อ่าน 1463982 | ตอบ 10908
ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์ (อังกฤษ: tungsten carbide) มีสูตรเคมีคือ WC ในรูปพื้นฐานจะมีลักษณะเป็นผงสีเทาละเอียด มี 2 โครงสร้างคือแบบหกเหลี่ยม (α-WC) และแบบลูกบาศก์ (β-WC)
 
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์เตรียมได้จากการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนกับคาร์บอนที่อุณหภูมิ 1400–2000 °C[3] หรือให้ความร้อนกับทังสเตนไตรออกไซด์และแกรไฟต์โดยตรงที่ 900 °C หรือในแก๊สไฮโดรเจนที่ 670 °C ตามด้วยการคาร์บิวไรเซชันในแก๊สอาร์กอนที่ 1000 °C[4] หรือใช้วิธีการเคลือบด้วยไอเคมี เช่น
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะคลอไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและมีเทนที่อุณหภูมิ 670 °C (1,238 °F)
 WCl6 + H2 + CH4 WC + 6 HCl
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะฟลูออไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและเมทานอลที่อุณหภูมิ 350 °C (662 °F)
                WF6 + 2 H2 + CH3OH → WC + 6 HF + H2O
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีจุดหลอมเหลวที่ 2,870 °C (5,200 °F) และจุดเดือดที่ 6,000 °C (10,830 °F) มีความแข็งระดับ 9 ตามมาตราโมสและประมาณ 2600 ตามมาตราวิกเคอส์[5] ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีความแข็งเกร็งมากกว่าเหล็กกล้าประมาณ 2 เท่า มีค่ามอดุลัสของยังประมาณ 530–700 GPa (77,000–102,000 ksi)[2][6][5][7] โมดูลัสของแรงบีบอัด 630–655 GPa และโมดูลัสของแรงเฉือน 274 GPa[8]
 
ด้วยคุณสมบัติความแข็งและทนความร้อนสูง ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์จึงใช้ทำเป็นเครื่องมือตัดหรือหัวเจาะ ใช้ทำกระสุนเจาะเกราะ เครื่องมือผ่าตัด อุปกรณ์กีฬา เครื่องประดับและอื่น ๆ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
อ้างอิง
 
  1. Kurlov, p. 22
  2. Blau, Peter J. (2003). Wear of Materials. Elsevier. p. 1345. ISBN 978-0-08-044301-0.
  3. Pierson, Hugh O. (1992). Handbook of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): Principles, Technology, and Applications. William Andrew Inc. ISBN 0-8155-1300-3.
  4. Zhong, Y.; Shaw, L. (2011). 'A study on the synthesis of nanostructured WC–10 wt% Co particles from WO3 , Co3O4 , and graphite'. Journal of Materials Science 46 (19): 6323–6331. Bibcode:2011JMatS..46.6323Z. doi:10.1007/s10853-010-4937-y.
  5. Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-470-46700-8.
  6. Kurlov, p. 3
  7. Cardarelli, François (2008). Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 640–. ISBN 978-1-84628-669-8.
  8. Kurlov, pp. 30, 135
  9. Sprince, NL.; Chamberlin, RI.; Hales, CA.; Weber, AL.; Kazemi, H. (1984). 'Respiratory disease in tungsten carbide production workers'. Chest 86 (4): 549–557. PMID 6434250. doi:10.1378/chest.86.4.549.
  10. 12th Report on Carcinogens'. National Toxicology Program. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/roc12. เรียกข้อมูลเมื่อ 2011-06-24.
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How does BIM support prefabrication and modular construction?
Building Information Modeling, or BIM, has become a key technology for modern construction. It is revolutionizing the prefabrication of buildings and modular construction. BIM facilitates precise planning, collaboration, and execution of projects off-site through the creation of digital representations.
This reduces errors and time. This blog explores how BIM can support these innovative approaches. It draws on industry practices and highlights opportunities such as BIM classes in Pune or job openings.
Understanding BIM foundations
BIM is more than just 2D drawings. It integrates 3D models that include data about materials, costs and timelines. In prefabrication--where components like walls, beams, and HVAC systems are manufactured in factories--BIM provides Level of Development (LOD) 400 models that specify exact dimensions and tolerances for fabrication. The precision of the models ensures that parts are delivered on site ready for assembly, which reduces waste and labor.
BIM's parametric modelling is a great benefit for modular construction. This involves building entire rooms or sections of buildings off-site. Autodesk Revit, for example, allows designers to embed details such as bolt patterns, joint connections and other fabrication details directly into their models. Navisworks, for example, can identify interferences in structural, mechanical and electrical systems prior to production, saving you up to 20% on costs. BIM is used to simulate assembly sequences in real-world projects such as high-rise modules towers.
Streamlining Prefabrication Workflows
BIM can be a powerful prefabrication tool, since it generates CNC machine files, shop drawing and bills of materials (BOMs). BIM is used by steel fabricators to create structural frames with millimeter accuracy. They also integrate rebar detailing in concrete panels. The digital thread eliminates manual interpretation, reduces lead time from weeks to days, and eliminates the need for manual interpretation.
BIM optimizes logistics by integrating models with supply chain data. This is especially useful for prefabricated elements such as precast facades. Parametric BIM families are used in timber construction to customize cross-laminated wood (CLT) panel shapes, while retaining structural integrity. BIM 360, for example, allows architects, fabricators and engineers to update in real time, maintaining alignment throughout the entire process.
Enhancing Modular Building Efficiency
BIM is used to plan volumetrically for modular projects such as schools or hospitals built in factory environments. Designers use federated models that combine architectural, structural and MEP disciplines. They then perform 4D simulations to order module transportation and crane lifting. BIM's foresight helps to avoid bottlenecks.
BIM embeds data that can be used for quality control inspections. QR codes on the modules are linked to the model and verified. BIM's energy analysis optimizes insulation and ventilation for prefabricated modules in order to meet LEED standards. BIM's generative design tools can explore thousands of possible modular configurations for complex geometries. They then select the most cost-effective based on factors like weight and cost.
Crash Detection & Risk Mitigation
BIM has a number of unique features, including automated clash detection. This scans models for conflicts within prefabricated assemblies. This can help to avoid costly modifications in the field by detecting issues such as ductwork colliding with structural modules. Dynamo's advanced scripts (Revit plugin), automate solutions, like rerouting pipe around beams.
BIM visualises module stacking, tolerances and risk assessment. The vibration analysis simulates stress on prefabricated units to inform packaging decisions. Insurance companies are increasingly requiring BIM deliverables to be submitted for modular construction projects. This highlights its importance in reducing the risk of off-site construction.
Cost Savings and ROI Analysis
BIM-driven Prefabrication reduces costs by 10-30% due to material optimization and lower site overheads. BIM models provide accurate quantity takeoffs, which prevents over-ordering. The labor savings are substantial; factory production is 3 to 5 times faster under controlled conditions than stick-built methods. This speed is amplified by BIM’s standardization.
The return on investment is immediate: the initial modeling effort pays off through fewer changes and faster schedules. BIM users achieved 15% faster delivery, and 20% less budget in a study of modular high rises. BIM extends value after construction by facilitating facility management with as-built model handover.
Case Studies in Action
Broad Group's Mini Sky City, in China, was built in just 19 days with prefabricated modules that were BIM coordinated. This is a great example of hyper-accurate production.
BIM classes in Pune: Building Skills
Pune is a center for construction technology in India and offers top BIM courses in Pune that are tailored to prefabrication careers. Design Studio Inst offers Revit and Navisworks classes that focus on LOD modeling in modular workflows. Infini Solutions offers certification programs that include prefab simulations. These are ideal for structural detailing.
CADD Eskind, BIM Mantra and BIM Mantra provide advanced training for BIM in off-site construction including 4D/5D schedules. IFS Academy offers placement-linked MEP modules courses that last 3-6 months.
Job opening
BIM jobs for prefabrication have been in high demand. Roles like BIM Coordinator, Modular BIM manager, and Prefab Coordinator are in great demand. Pune companies are looking for Revit experts to work on factory-integrated projects. They offer salaries between Rs5-15 lakhs per year. BIM experts are needed by global players such as Larsen & Toubro for modular hospitals.
LinkedIn lists hundreds of BIM jobs tied to prefabrication initiatives. The platform prioritizes LOD 400 proficiency. Top centers report 80% placements for BIM courses in Pune. AI-BIM hybrids and other emerging trends create more opportunities for sustainable modular construction.
Future Trends in Adoption
BIM evolution now includes cloud collaboration for prefabrication teams around the world and AI to predict clashes. Digital twins connect prefab modules with IoT sensors to provide real-time monitoring after installation. This will be especially true in India, where smart cities are a priority.
BIM is essential for prefabrication, modular construction and driving precision, efficiency and innovation. BIM courses in Pune are a great way for aspiring professionals to take advantage of the many job opportunities and help shape the future.
The Reasons to Choose Us?
SevenMentor's BIM Training Course in Pune will help students develop the necessary skills for success in the workplace through the perfect combination of practical and theoretical learning. What makes this training distinct from other schools:
1. Real-World Projects
Understanding concepts is crucial However, applying them is what builds expertise. At SevenMentor each module comes with practical exercises that are hands-on and real-world simulations of projects and case studies that build your BIM expertise and increase your confidence in real-world job scenarios.
2. Flexible Learning Modes
Select the option that is best for you bestChoose between classes or online training. The Pune center is equipped with the latest facilities, and students who are online receive the same top-quality instruction with no compromise on the learning results.
3. Career-Focused Training
This BIM class is designed using a clear professional orientation. Students receive complete instruction regarding resume writing as well as interview preparation. important professional skills that will ensure they are successful in interview and job applications.
4. Expert Trainers
The trainers are all highly trained and have more than 10 years of professional and academic knowledge. Their approach to teaching is focused on practical application, helping students to implement what they have learned in real-life situations.
Placement Support
SevenMentor is renowned for its dependable and comprehensive assistance with placement. From the time students sign up until they land a job, the organization helps them through practice interviews and resume editing and constant career guidance. A variety of students from various sectors have praised their selection process.
Placement Services Include:
  • Comprehensive interview preparation
  • Enhancing resumes and LinkedIn profile Enhancement of LinkedIn profile and resume
  • Opportunities for internships and employment
  • Alumni network support
  • Evaluation of performance and certification
FAQ
  1. Do they offer project-based learning?
Yes Real-time projects are offered in a majority of the courses.
  1.  Is SevenMentor appropriate for students who are not IT?
Many courses are suitable for IT and non-IT backgrounds.
  1.  What do the class sizes in your class?
Small batches of sizes to allow for personal learning.
  1. Are there any support services following completion of the course?
Yes alumni assistance and support for placement continue even after the course.
  1.   How do I contact SevenMentor?
By email, phone through email, phone, website or through social media channels.
  1.  Are live projects an element of your training?
Yes, particularly in the field of technical programming.
  1. Do they make tests?
Absolutely, there are regular assessments are required to assess the level of improvement.
  1. Is placement guaranteed?
They offer assistance but they cannot guarantee the placement.
  1.   Are the online classes being recorded?
Yes, the recordings are available to help you revise your ideas.
  1. Do they provide Big Data and Hadoop training?
Yes, that includes Spark and the related tools.
  1. Is SevenMentor recognised by businesses?
Yes, they do have partnerships with several reputed businesses.
  1. Do you have internship certifications?
It depends on the program.
  1.  Do you have any personality development classes?
Yes, this includes spoken English and the ability to communicate.
  1. Do they provide interview assistance?
Yes, there are the mock interview and training for HR.
  1.  Are labs in practical use available to facilitate networking courses?
Absolutely, labs are equipped to the max.
 
Reviews
SevenMentor is a well-known name across a wide range of platforms.
  • Google My Business: A 4.9 rating is built on more than 3300 user reviews that were overwhelmingly endorsed by teachers for their education as well as their services and the location for the location.
  • Trustindex is verified and rated by more than 299 customers, along with 4.9 reviews.
  • Justdial offers more than 4900 customer reviews, with positive reviews about how good the educational quality is, as well as the customer service.
  • Copyright score: 4.0 for practical that focuses on professional training.
Social Presence
SevenMentor actively participates on Social Media channels.
  • Facebook Institute uses Facebook to post announcements about courses, students' reviews and course announcements as well as live webinars online. E.g., a FB post : 'Learn Python, SQL, Power BI, Tableau' &namely provided as Data Engineering/analytics & others
  • Instagram The platform publishes reels with the words 'New weekend Batch Alert', 'training with experts-led workshops and real-world labs', 'placement assistance' and more.
  • LinkedIn The company page gives information about the institute, the services, as well as the hiring partners.
  • Youtube in the 'Stay connected' list.
 
 
Visit or Contact Them
 
SevenMentor Training Institute
Office No.21 and 25 A Wing, Shreenath Plaza, 1st floor Dnyaneshwar Paduka Chowk F.C Road, Shivajinagar, Pune, Maharashtra 411005
 

 
 
 
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https://smftricks.com/index.php?action=profile;area=summary;u=15118
https://kingschat.online/user/cooperdavies02
https://www.chillsubs.com/profile/cooperdavies02
https://guides.co/g/the-makeup-and-bliss-508106/702226
https://projectnoah.org/users/cooperdavies02
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https://www.sideprojectors.com/user/profile/205922/projects
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https://promosimple.com/ps/429cf/the-makeup-and-bliss
https://symbiota.mpm.edu/profile/userprofile.php?userid=46626
https://freeicons.io/profile/868837
https://www.imcas.com/en/profile/cooper-davies
https://www.linkcentre.com/profile/cooperdavies03
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https://www.qualitydigest.com/user/132139
https://www.jetphotos.com/photographer/730510
https://kickofflabs.com/giveaway/829b6a5e
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https://www.openrec.tv/user/qay72lx213vi05r11au8/about
https://www.bitsdujour.com/profiles/vzHbQZ
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https://www.lexaloffle.com/bbs/?uid=110083
https://battlelog.battlefield.com/bf4/user/cooperdaviess/
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https://marshmallow-qa.com/g4dn37xf8vxve4i
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https://www.gta5-mods.com/users/cooperdavies02
https://velog.io/@cooperdavies02/series
https://slideslive.com/cooperdavies02/
https://be.5ch.net/user/673772238
https://scrapbox.io/cooperdavies02/The_Makeup_and_Bliss
https://www.speedrun.com/users/cooperdavies02
https://www.developpez.net/forums/u1858090/cooperdavies02/
https://album.link/cooperdavies02
https://www.designspiration.com/cooperdavies02/saves/
https://adplist.org/members/cooper-davies
https://docs.stackshare.io/discuss/69408b93f2fb5b7626e8494b
https://tiltify.com/@cooperdavies02/profile
https://streamelements.com/cooperdavies02
https://docs.kongregate.com/discuss/694084e4faacc012b4bd7d16
https://hackmd.vlsi.ict.e.titech.ac.jp/s/S19fEZCzbe
https://forum.index.hu/User/UserDescription?u=2167838
https://answers.themler.io/questions/252793/the-makeup-and-bliss
https://teletype.in/@cooperdavies023
https://zcal.co/cooperdavies02
https://botitmobal.wixsite.com/qzstmq/profile/cooperdavies0222680/profile
https://sites.google.com/view/the-makeup-and-bliss/home
 
william disuza [49.206.44.xxx] เมื่อ 16/12/2025 20:02
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Kodokhoki889
 
Kodokhoki889 [110.235.243.xxx] เมื่อ 17/12/2025 08:40
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