สถิติ
เปิดเมื่อ28/01/2015
อัพเดท10/11/2023
ผู้เข้าชม1703177
แสดงหน้า2162241
ปฎิทิน
April 2024
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
    
สมาชิก

สมัครสมาชิก | ลืมรหัสผ่าน

ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์

อ่าน 507976 | ตอบ 7780
ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์ (อังกฤษ: tungsten carbide) มีสูตรเคมีคือ WC ในรูปพื้นฐานจะมีลักษณะเป็นผงสีเทาละเอียด มี 2 โครงสร้างคือแบบหกเหลี่ยม (α-WC) และแบบลูกบาศก์ (β-WC)
 
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์เตรียมได้จากการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนกับคาร์บอนที่อุณหภูมิ 1400–2000 °C[3] หรือให้ความร้อนกับทังสเตนไตรออกไซด์และแกรไฟต์โดยตรงที่ 900 °C หรือในแก๊สไฮโดรเจนที่ 670 °C ตามด้วยการคาร์บิวไรเซชันในแก๊สอาร์กอนที่ 1000 °C[4] หรือใช้วิธีการเคลือบด้วยไอเคมี เช่น
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะคลอไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและมีเทนที่อุณหภูมิ 670 °C (1,238 °F)
 WCl6 + H2 + CH4 WC + 6 HCl
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะฟลูออไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและเมทานอลที่อุณหภูมิ 350 °C (662 °F)
                WF6 + 2 H2 + CH3OH → WC + 6 HF + H2O
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีจุดหลอมเหลวที่ 2,870 °C (5,200 °F) และจุดเดือดที่ 6,000 °C (10,830 °F) มีความแข็งระดับ 9 ตามมาตราโมสและประมาณ 2600 ตามมาตราวิกเคอส์[5] ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีความแข็งเกร็งมากกว่าเหล็กกล้าประมาณ 2 เท่า มีค่ามอดุลัสของยังประมาณ 530–700 GPa (77,000–102,000 ksi)[2][6][5][7] โมดูลัสของแรงบีบอัด 630–655 GPa และโมดูลัสของแรงเฉือน 274 GPa[8]
 
ด้วยคุณสมบัติความแข็งและทนความร้อนสูง ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์จึงใช้ทำเป็นเครื่องมือตัดหรือหัวเจาะ ใช้ทำกระสุนเจาะเกราะ เครื่องมือผ่าตัด อุปกรณ์กีฬา เครื่องประดับและอื่น ๆ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
อ้างอิง
 
  1. Kurlov, p. 22
  2. Blau, Peter J. (2003). Wear of Materials. Elsevier. p. 1345. ISBN 978-0-08-044301-0.
  3. Pierson, Hugh O. (1992). Handbook of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): Principles, Technology, and Applications. William Andrew Inc. ISBN 0-8155-1300-3.
  4. Zhong, Y.; Shaw, L. (2011). 'A study on the synthesis of nanostructured WC–10 wt% Co particles from WO3 , Co3O4 , and graphite'. Journal of Materials Science 46 (19): 6323–6331. Bibcode:2011JMatS..46.6323Z. doi:10.1007/s10853-010-4937-y.
  5. Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-470-46700-8.
  6. Kurlov, p. 3
  7. Cardarelli, François (2008). Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 640–. ISBN 978-1-84628-669-8.
  8. Kurlov, pp. 30, 135
  9. Sprince, NL.; Chamberlin, RI.; Hales, CA.; Weber, AL.; Kazemi, H. (1984). 'Respiratory disease in tungsten carbide production workers'. Chest 86 (4): 549–557. PMID 6434250. doi:10.1378/chest.86.4.549.
  10. 12th Report on Carcinogens'. National Toxicology Program. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/roc12. เรียกข้อมูลเมื่อ 2011-06-24.
ความคิดเห็น :
2260
อ้างอิง

mehraroshni983

Experiencing an escort is a dream of many. But sometimes you forget because of your lower budget. As a customer-friendly escort agency, we understand your affairs and that is why we have such cheap prices for escorts in Lucknow. This is not to say that these supervisors are not very satisfactory. Of course, they will satisfy your wishes and intentions. Like other mentors, they satisfy their clients. The only difference is that these supervisors work at an affordable price. We welcome you to our website of the best Lucknow guides and we truly trust you to appreciate what you see. At Aditi, we focus on ensuring that the people of Lucknow and most of the comprehensive Inland Empire series, are happy and satisfied. Since today we know about the difficulties faced by men, we decided to remove all entertainment and discussion and just do what men need. Get access to cute girls on a schedule that solves their problems. Escort in Lucknow is great: wild, gorgeous, hilarious, charming, enthusiastic, funny, and hot. OurLucknow escorts know how to dress and behave for men to see. Short skirts covering her tight ass, leggings, and stiletto heels that accentuate her limitless legs share a modernized V-neck shirt that leaves little to no creative energy. Russian escorts in Lucknow to Aditi tend to be much more involved in sexual demonstrations than physical components. The Lucknow escort accepts sincerely and feels an instant connection with those with whom they have been involved. While many girls appreciate the actual physical display of sex, they also have different desires regularly. To the point, men just need to have movement and heaps of it. While that might seem like a great goal that should be able to solve a small problem, the world doesn't work that way. girls are the ones with the keys to a satisfying sexual experience.

Visit Our Other Location In India For More Info:-

Lohit Escorts ! West Siang Escorts ! Tirap Escorts ! East Siang Escorts ! Kurung Kumey Escorts ! Tawang Escorts ! Raipur Escorts ! Bhilai Escorts ! Korba Escorts ! Rajnandgaon Escorts ! Raigarh Escorts ! Jagdalpur Escorts ! Ambikapur Escorts ! Chirmiri Escorts ! Dhamtari Escorts ! Mahasamund Escorts ! Bilaspur Escorts ! Bhubaneswar Escorts ! Cuttack Escorts !Berhampur Escorts ! Sambalpur Escorts ! Puri Escorts ! Balasore Escorts ! Bhadrak Escorts ! Baripada Escorts ! Khordha Escorts ! Sundargarh Escorts ! Ganjam Escorts ! Sivasagar Escorts ! Chennai Escorts ! Coimbatore Escorts ! Madurai Escorts ! Salem Escorts ! Vellore Escorts ! Tiruppur Escorts ! Erode Escorts ! Tirunelveli Escorts ! Dindigul Escorts !Thanjavur Escorts ! Thoothukudi Escorts ! Puducherry Escorts ! Tiruvannamalai Escorts ! Chengalpattu Escorts ! Ooty Escorts ! Kanchipuram Escorts ! Namakkal Escorts ! Ramanathapuram Escorts ! Tenkasi Escorts ! Rameswaram Escorts ! Kanyakumari Escorts ! Palani Escorts ! Kodaikanal Escorts ! Sivaganga Escorts ! Nagercoil Escorts ! Dharmapuri Escorts ! Villupuram Escorts !Cuddalore Escorts ! Chidambaram Escorts ! Kumbakonam Escorts ! Nagapattinam Escorts ! Pudukkottai Escorts ! T Nagar Escorts ! Anna Nagar Escorts ! Mylapore Escorts ! Besant Nagar Escorts ! Marina Beach Escorts ! Harrington Road Escorts ! Valarpuram Escorts ! Guindy Escorts ! Alwarpet Escorts ! Mambakkam Escorts ! Tiruchirappalli Escorts ! South Dumdum Escorts ! Dinajpur Escorts !Medinipur Escorts ! Hooghly Escorts ! Nadia Escorts ! Paschim Medinipur Escorts ! Asansol Escorts ! Siliguri Escorts ! Durgapur Escorts ! Bardhaman Escorts ! New Town Escorts ! Baharampur Escorts ! Habra Escorts ! Dhulian Escorts ! Ranaghat Escorts ! Haldia Escorts ! Raiganj Escorts ! Krishnanagar Escorts ! Nabadwip Escorts ! Jalpaiguri Escorts ! Chakdaha Escorts! Darjeeling Escorts ! Alipurduar Escorts ! Purulia Escorts ! Jangipur Escorts ! Cooch Behar Escorts ! Kolar Escorts ! Udupi Escorts !

 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://mygirls.in/
mehraroshni983 [223.225.10.xxx] เมื่อ 29/08/2022 12:36
2261
อ้างอิง

Karachi escort
Karachi Model Escorts are what you've been looking for all along, and now is your chance to get them right in front of you to enjoy some time together with their unimaginable charm, which will make you swoon without missing a beat. Because our Karachi Model Escorts look like your lust, and because she's a schoolgirl, you'll be enthralled by her young body figure and behavior, and you'll be eager to get inside her. Our single escorts Karachi will fulfill all of your fantasies in a most surprising way. I strongly recommend that you book one of our independent college girls at least once if you want to have a good time.

https://karachikuriyan.com/
 
Karachi escort [103.151.47.xxx] เมื่อ 29/08/2022 15:54
2262
อ้างอิง

Call Girl in Lahore
Lahore Escorts services are a well-known escort agency and well-known for the city's nightlife, so don't miss out on the city's best pleasures. Many people plan a trip to the city only to discover that they're having trouble with another aspect of their mental health and decide to take advantage of the opportunity. To do well-known parts, you can make factors in a number of ways. In this way, you'll be able to give more opportunities to your customers, partners, and collaborators, as well as set up new business deals without having to worry about festival administration. Lahore Model Escorts services know how to handle these kinds of high-end events, and they can guarantee that your guests will be impressed.

https://lahoreredlight.com/
 
Call Girl in Lahore [103.151.47.xxx] เมื่อ 29/08/2022 15:55
2263
อ้างอิง

call girls in islamabad
The Independent Islamabad Girls Service's results are considered by everyone around you. We conceptualize and go for it in order to elevate the execution of our Punjabi girls. With the help of sex-enabled bits, we devise new types of exercises to elevate our Escorts in Islamabad above the average fun show. It's possible to show respect to the most exceptional with our Islamabad Model Escorts. No, I'm not waiting for something new to arrive every day, but I'm wondering if that's true. The perfect complement to your logical thinking.

https://islamabadsuperstar.com/
 
call girls in islamabad [103.151.47.xxx] เมื่อ 29/08/2022 15:56
2264
อ้างอิง

lovelyescortsindia@gmail.com

Lovely Escorts India Offering Elite Independent Escorts in Ahmedabad at Affordable Rates. Call or WhatsApp on +919265647133 Book Our Female Model Escorts Service in Ahmedabad.

 

<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>Escort Ahmedabad</a>
<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>Call girl Ahmedabad</a>
<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>Escort in Ahmedabad</a>
<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>Escorts in Ahmedabad</a>
<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>Ahmedabad in escort</a>
<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>College Girls escort Ahmedabad</a>
<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>College Girls in Ahmedabad</a>
<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>Housewife escort Ahmedabad</a>
<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>Escorts Service in Ahmedabad</a>
<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>Ahmedabad Escort</a>
<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>Ahmedabad Escorts</a>
<a href='https://www.lovelyescortsindia.com/escorts-ahmedabad/'>Escort Service in Ahmedabad</a>
 
lovelyescortsindia@gmail.com [150.129.206.xxx] เมื่อ 29/08/2022 17:44
2265
อ้างอิง

here
hereall slot, we have included all the web slots here, the best online slot web site, newcomer of the year 2022
 
here [58.11.28.xxx] เมื่อ 29/08/2022 18:44
2266
อ้างอิง

here
hereall slot, we have included all the web slots here, the best online slot web site, newcomer of the year 2022
 
here [58.11.28.xxx] เมื่อ 29/08/2022 18:44
2267
อ้างอิง

here
hereIncluding web slot, auto deposit-withdrawal, no minimum One website can play more than 100 slot games
 
here [58.11.28.xxx] เมื่อ 29/08/2022 18:45
2268
อ้างอิง

here
hereThe number 1 most popular online slots in Asia, SLOT XO, our website comes with a system. automatic deposit-withdrawal
 
here [58.11.28.xxx] เมื่อ 29/08/2022 18:45
2269
อ้างอิง

here
hereThe No. 1 online slot website, Superslot888, is an online slot game provider that collects all camps.
 
here [58.11.28.xxx] เมื่อ 29/08/2022 18:45
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779
ความคิดเห็นของผู้เข้าชม
ชื่อผู้แสดงความคิดเห็น :
สถานะ : รหัสผ่าน :
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง :
รหัสความปลอดภัย :